Ap Human Geography Chapter 2 Study Guide

AP homo Geography Chapter 2 Study Guide Terms race concentration a measurement of the issuing of quite a little per given unit of land arithmetic population density the population of a region or region expressed as an average per unit area physiologic population density the number of people per unit area of arable land population distribution description of locations on the Earths surface where populations live dot maps maps where angiotensin-converting enzyme dot represents a certain number of a phenomenon, such as population megalopolis term used to designate large coalescing supercities that are forming in diverse split of the world census a periodic and official count of a countrys population doubling meter time required for a population do double population explosion rapid step-up of worlds human population during the last century natural increase population development measured as excess of live gets over live finiss crude birth dictate (CBR) number of live births per annum per thousand people crude death set out (CDR) number of live deaths categoryly per thousand people demographic transition multi microscope stage model of changes in population growth in countries undergoing industrialization nonmoving population level (SPL) level at which national population ceases to grow population composition anatomical structure of a population in terms of age, charge, and other properties population pyramids visual representation of age and sex composition of a population infant mortality rate (IMR) describes the number of babies that die within the source year of their lives child mortality rate (CMR) number of children that die between the first and fifth year of their lives deportment expectancy how long, on average, a person whitethorn be expected to live acquired immune deficiency syndrome Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome chronic diseases long lasting afflictions now more(prenominal) common because of higher li fe expectancies expansive population policies government policies that encourage large families eugenic population policies government policies to favor one racial sector restrictive population olicies- government policies to reduce the rate of natural increase Notes tack in population is calculated using the following Global Population reflexion p1 = p0 + b(irths) d(eaths) Sub-Global Population Formula p1 = p0 + b d + i(mports) e(xports) Net Migration Formula p1 p0 + RNI + nm Types of population density arithmetic density, agricultural density, physiological density, urban density, residential density Major World Population Centers chinaware, India, Russia, Central Europe, Asia, Northeast Africa, Northeast U. S. Overpopulation a generally undesirable condition where an organisms numbers exceed the carrying capacity of its habitatMalthuss Theory, though incorrect, states population rate increases geometrically and the rate of food increase grows arithmetically. Demogr aphic Transition Model (http//www. main-vision. com/richard/demographic. htm) compass point 1 Stage one of the demographic transition model is the most primitive of the stages where there is a high fluctuate birth and death rate. Because of this there is no great population growth. These countries or even kinfolks have genuinely basic living standards such as those in the Amazon rainforest where they hardly have whatsoever education, medicaments or birth rates such that population is based on food supply, wellness of tribe members etc.Other factors involved are no family planning therefore many children or because of the faith of the people which may look at large families as a sign of verility etc. Stage 2 In this stage of the demographic transition model there are a lot of births, however the death rate has gone down to about 20/1000 infants who die. This results in a rise in population due to the fact that more infants are last. Reasons for which more people may be survivin g may be better health care, improved sanitation such as water etc, more transport and medical care as hygienic as inventions relating to this. In other words this stage involves a slight modernisation in health care raising peoples living standards as well as there life expectancy.Stage 3 Stage three is the stage at which there is already a low death rate as well as a declining birth rate therefore leading to a slight increase in population. The reason for the fall in births may be due to family planning, better education, lower infant mortality rate, a more industrialised appearance of life and the want for more material possesions as well as women being able to go out to work. In other words these countries are in the final stages of becoming like the western countries such as the states and those in Europe. Stage 4 Stage four is the one at which Switzerland is. on that point is a stable population whithout much change because both the death and birth rate are low and in some cases there are more deaths than births therefore leading to a attainable stage five. Possibly a stage five? A country such as Sweden is shortly entering into the negative growth rate meaning that there are less births than deaths so that the countrys population size is decreasing leading to problems which will be discussed later on this page. A population pyramid, similarly called an age structure diagram, is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which forms the shape of a pyramid when the population is growing. there is a predicted stage 5 of population growth that will level off at 10 billion people. The worlds population will progressively increase until it ultimately reaches this point. Geography of health is the application of geographical information, perspectives, and methods to the study of health, disease, and health care. Epidemiological transition is a phase of development witnessed by a sudden and stark increase in population growth rates brought about by medical innovation in disease or sickness therapy and treatment, followed by a re-leveling of population growth from subsequent declines in fertility rates. The epidemiological transition model represents the developments resulting from epidemiological transition (disease and treatment). The Peoples Republic of China has pursued anti-natalist policies, notably the one-child strategy, for over a decade. While anti-natalist government policies may be instrumental in lowering birth rate, state coercion may have unexpected and damaging results reports in 1995 suggested that miscarriage of female children had become common in China, so that male female sex ratios at birth had become grotesquely imbalanced.