picasso and george braque Essay Example

picasso and george braque Essay PICASSOS and BRAQUES FABULOUS BREAKTHROUGH Painting is one of the most fascinating aptitudes with regards to our life. Any offspring of eight can do it, however the significant thing in painting is employments of styles. The individuals who have gifts and can utilize styles effectively and can make new strategies. With the new methods, crude artlost the sense and specialists discovered present day procedures so current workmanship period began. Searching for the starting point of current workmanship, it is the method of crude craftsmanship. Crude workmanship is far away from culture, conventions, styles yet we should consider that cutting edge craftsmanship comes in the wake of creating crude styles. In other words; current workmanship is influenced by primitivism.(Goldwater,1986) Art become significant in light of the fact that it has the ability to communicate thoughts, structures and occasions; it reflects people groups sentiment, craftsmen emotions. The cutting edge workmanship s tarted with Industrial Revolution in the second 50% of the nineteenth century and new craftsmanship styles and developments showed up and disappeared.(Smith,1972) All unmistakable styles originated from various parts of the changing scene and each mirrors the innovation in its own way.The best time of present day workmanship was twentieth century and Cubism which is the compositions with cubic shapes is the most powerful visual expressions style of the twentieth centurythat was made chiefly by the painters Pablo Picasso and Georges Braqueâ in Paris somewhere in the range of 1907 and 1914. (Herbert,1964). Picasso and Braque utilized comparative basic styles of cubist, however the distinctions are most significant which are their own styles and article that they used,different types of Cubism development that they began and the diverse political view that they appeared as an impression of their thoughts in their artworks. Indeed, even they had unique or comparative thoughts of Cubis m, both of two were the creater of Cubism simultaneously however I can said that Picasso had the more effect on Cubism than Braque. The main comparable

Kinetic Free Essays

We can utilize a significant number of Technique or strategies for isolating of mixes or blends .and we can by those strategies reading of dynamic for responses ,decide of response rate and response request . a portion of those strategies are : mass spectrometric , spectrometric and Chromatographic Methods . We will compose a custom exposition test on Active or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now Be that as it may, in this paper I simply talk about chromatographic technique . precisely, gas chromatography . Chromatography:Few techniques for substance investigation are genuinely explicit to a specific analyte. It is regularly discovered that the analyte of intrigue must be isolated from the bunch of individual intensifies that might be available in an example. Just as furnishing the expository researcher with strategies for partition, chromatographic procedures can likewise give techniques for examination . Chromatography includes an example (or test remove) being broken up in a versatile stage (which might be a gas, a fluid or a supercritical liquid). The portable stage is then constrained through a fixed, immiscible fixed stage. The stages are picked with the end goal that parts of the example have varying dissolvability in each stage. A segment which is very solvent in the fixed stage will take more time to go through it than a part which isn’t dissolvable in the fixed stage yet extremely solvent in the portable stage. Because of these distinctions in mobilities , test segments will get isolated from one another as they travel through the fixed stage. Gas chromatography strategies that are utilized for concentrating first-request response energy by gas chromatography : (1) traditional motor techniques where tests of group savvy active examinations are investigated by enantioselective gas chromatography, (2) halted stream techniques performed on one chiral section, (3) halted stream techniques performed on an achiral segment or void slender coupled in arrangement with two chiral segments, (4) on-stream strategy performed on an achiral segment coupled in arrangement with two chiral segments, and (5) response gas chromatography, known as a unique gas chromatography. The accompanying techniques have been created to assurance top regions of response constituents in such complex chromatograms: (I) strategies dependent on PC helped reenactments of chromatograms where the active actuation parameters for the interconversion of enantiomers are acquired by iterative correlation of test and recreated chromatograms, (ii) stochastic techniques dependent on the reproduction of Gaussian circulation capacities and utilizing a period subordinate likelihood thickness work, (iii) estimation work and bound together condition, (iv) PC helped top deconvolution strategies. Quick response :Reaction between metal carbonate and corrosive.- Reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric corrosive :CaCO3 + 2HCl - ; CaCl2 + H2O + CO2Reaction between receptive metal and water .- response among lithium and water :2Li + 2H2O - ; 2LiOH + H2Combustion .- ignition of magnesium in oxygen .2Mg + O2 - ; 2MgOPrecipitation (twofold deterioration )- precipitation of silver (I) chloride :AgNO3 + HCl - ; AgCl + HNO3 Rate :The rate can be estimated utilizing mechanical assembly on the rightrate of response = d[CaCl2]/t ,or d[CO2]/t or d[H2O] the rate can be decline or increment with change of temperature , fixation , pressure , surface territory or size of atoms .focus : when the focus is decline the rate decline .model : 3 g of calcium carbonate respond with 5 g of hydrochloric corrosive to create 3 g of carbon dioxide in 10s at 25C and 1atm. rate = - d [CaCO3]/t = - d[3]/10 . In any case, we abatement of centralization of calcium carbonate to 2 .rate = - d[2]/10 .weight and temperature : likewise when decline the weight or temperature the rate decline .model : 3 g of calcium carbonate respond with 5 g of hydrochloric corrosive to create 3 g of carbon dioxide in 10s at 25C and 1atm. rate = - d [CaCO3]/t = - d[3]/10s . be that as it may, the time is increment to 20s , in light of the fact that the weight reduction to 0.5 and temperature lessening to 15 , so the rate = - d [3]/20s . In a concoction response the reactant decline after some time and item increment after some time . The rate will diminish over the long haul as the hydrochloric corrosive is spent (its fixation decreases)The diagram in after page shows the volume of gas delivered over the long run in the response among HCl and CaCO3 .All three responses bring about a similar measure of CO2 gas being created; anyway the higher the grouping of HCl, the quicker the pace of response, in this manner the less time it takes for the response to be finished . The table underneath shows the time taken to deliver 50cm3â of CO2 for every centralization of HCl :Rate of response/cm3 of CO2 s-1 Time take to create 50 cm3 of CO2/1s Concentration of HCl/shape m-30.86 58 2.00.42 120 2.00,21 235 0.5 From the outcomes in the table above, it tends to be worked out that the pace of response is directionally relative to the centralization of hydrochloric corrosive, so in the event that you split the convergence of HCl will be divided, on the off chance that you quarter the fixation, the rate will be quartered . rate = k [HCl]1 Order :The request for a response isn't really a number. The accompanying requests are conceivable :Zero: A zero request demonstrates that the centralization of that species doesn't influence the pace of a response .Negative whole number: A negative request shows that the convergence of that species INVERSELY influences the pace of a response .Positive number: A positive request demonstrates that the grouping of that species DIRECTLY influences the pace of a response . Non-Integer: Non-number requests, both positive and negative, speak to progressively many-sided connections among fixations and rate in increasingly complex reactions.So, in The response of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric corrosive is supposed to be first request concerning hydrochloric corrosive .This is on the grounds that the rate relies on the convergence of hydrochloric corrosive to the force one . Strategy :we can proportion of pace of carbon dioxide by gas chromatography , gas chromatography can isolating of compound by breaking point , and you can dissect results on your PC and estimating of pace of CO2 .and you can decide of rate by stream response that might be is easer technique . Step by step instructions to refer to Kinetic, Papers

Exploratory Essay Topics for Struggling Students

Exploratory Essay Topics for Struggling Students Exploratory essays are interesting academic assignments because they differ from other types. The main reason is that you write this paper to find out more about a given problem and make your preliminary conclusions about possible solutions instead of trying to convince readers of the validity of your thesis. Another important aspect is that an exploratory essay is a retrospective of your thinking and writing process as you work through a specific issue. You need to describe why, when, and who you conducted your certain research. An exploratory essay is about how you work through the issues that require their research and writing. To end up with high grades, it’s necessary to be introspective and focus on your thinking process. Look for interesting and fresh ideas for exploratory essay topics. Intro As you already know, an exploratory paper is different from many other types of academic writing as it presupposes that you explore something unknown and find your unique way. You start writing it without realizing to what conclusions or outcomes you will come in the end. Ensure that you have a point at the very beginning because you’ll have to prove it in your assignment. Your basic goal is to write a strong exploratory essay to find a point. Consider the main features of this academic writing type: Exploratory papers are more about specific questions or problems that about any idea; It’s advisable to analyze a few potential solutions of the chosen problem and show their weak and strong points before making a final choice. What to describe in essay? There are certain things that should be included in your exploratory paper, including its: Objective; Common ground; A few points of view. This essay should approach your topic from an objective point of view and with a neutral tone. Look at different perspectives on a given issue and try to explain different points of view clearly instead of trying to solve your problem. It also looks at different groups of people interested in the chosen matter to explore their varying perspectives while determining common grounds. Sometimes, there are different sides of your issue and they are often expressed by people to polarize a debate. Any exploratory essay is focused on looking beyond clear answers to define creative and unique solutions. For instance, when writing about illegal immigration, you should consider not only existing political views, but also take into account the arguments of border patrol employees or immigrants. There are many interesting exploratory essay topics to choose from. Reference on how to write exploratory essay You can choose between different ways to write this type of paper successfully. Teachers often assign it when they expect their students to learn something new on their own instead of explaining that themselves. This academic task may seem confusing, but you still need to perceive valuable information correctly. There are certain exploratory essay features that should be kept in mind, including: Determine and describe your chosen issue and present an arguable question in the introduction; Analyze a rhetorical situation in the main body; Define and sum up a few major positions on the chosen issue; Indicate your personal interest in it and chosen position; Feel free to gather visuals when needed. Essay samples for inspiration Look for useful exploratory essay topics examples that can help you write a strong paper and secure high grades. Use them as helpful guides to structure your paper and build a strong argument while avoiding common essay writing pitfalls. Tips for writing Prepare a basic outline after considering suitable exploratory paper topics and choosing the best one. Find relevant and reliable sources of information that you will use in your essay. Determine how each one will be used to support your major points and include basic information for a reference pages to avoid plagiarism. Ask your friends to help. Explain basic ideas in your future exploratory essay to them using its brief outline. Ask them if they have any ideas on how to make it more interesting. Sometimes, teachers may ask you to include different visuals, so you should read assignment instructions carefully. Write a rough draft of your exploratory essay and include helpful transitions to ensure its smooth and logical flow from one idea to another. Don’t forget to include quotes when talking about a particular source of information that you use. Consider summarize paraphrases, ideas, and quotes from your in-depth research and work the best ones into your draft. In this type of writing, you mainly need to paraphrase or sum up different positions that you describe in your own words. Use only the most striking quotes to make a strong point. When a rough draft of your evaluation essay is ready, you need to proofread and edit it to improve its content and formatting. This process won’t take a lot of your time, but it will help you find and fix both major and minor mistakes that can ruin your grades. A list of topics for exploratory essay If you find it hard to choose a good subject for this academic assignment, use the following exploratory essay topics for college students: Should First World countries provide Third World countries with better health care? Is it possible for renewable power sources to provide the world with enough energy? Is it necessary for people to have reproductive technologies? Do they act as a shopping list for parents wishing to customize their kids? Can the eyesight be negative affected by the use of tablets and e-books? Can computers be better at teachers compared to human tutors? Is it ethical to do gene screening? Is the ability to clone leading to the race of people who look alike? Is modern technology a solution or a danger to the society? Are different social experiments, including TV shows, which marry people at first sight suitable? Should people be allowed to test DNA to determine their racial backgrounds? How much danger does reality TV? Does voting really mean anything nowadays? Does a participation in recycling programs or use of green products have a positive effect? How can the world affect the reduction of emissions from high-polluting companies? How to choose a right topic? When writing an exploratory essay, you need to consider both pros and cons of a specific subject or topic. In this type of writing, there’s a need of stating different opinions and imperative facts. That’s because taking different viewpoints will help you mold and draft a perfect piece of writing. The better you explore diverse opinions, the better exploratory essay you will write and the more engaging it will look. That’s why it’s important to pick only interesting and unique exploratory essay topic ideas. What makes a perfect topic for your paper? Any exploratory paper needs an arguable question or topic, which means that it’s: Unsolved; Something that people have different opinions about; Not a fact that you can easily check; Linked to some enduring issue; Interesting to the audience at the moment. Whatever subject you choose to discuss in your essay, ensure that you’re really interested in it because it will make the entire process easier and more engaging. Easy exploratory essay topics require students to explore a specific idea and come with logical arguments. To end up with high grades, use solid figures and facts to prove your stance. Your in-depth research is also needed, but you should use only reliable sources of information because teachers are quite critical about their authenticity. The right topic choice for exploratory essays is one of the most common problems faced by modern students. A good subject for this academic assignment is hard to choose to ensure a smooth and logical flow. Do your best and search for relevant sources to end up with something interesting and suitable. Discuss possible options with your friends or other students and ask your professors for their assistance. The right choice selection is all about finding a perfect idea for your exploratory essay writing. If you succeed to choose useful and fresh topics, you’ll make the entire task much easier. Conclusion Every exploratory essay is written not only to help readers learn new things and improve their knowledge, but also to provide you with the same advantage. This type of academic writing can result in a number of new insights and ideas in a specific area of study. When completing this assignment, don’t hesitate to explore even those things that may appear ridiculous after the first consideration. While doing your research, you may define a certain correlation that exists between the things you explore. That’s why it can help you learn and grow, and all you need to get started is to pick a good topic. If you face any hardships when making this choice, use the above-mentioned helpful suggestions or get professional help online. Our reliable custom writing services are provided to help you meet any deadlines and complete all assignments.

Cloning Endangered Species Essay - 1178 Words

Fierce, magnificent, and free. On June 20, 1782 the bald eagle was unofficially declared as the representative of the United States of America. Instead of protecting the national emblem, â€Å"on July 4, 1976, the US Fish and Wildlife Service officially listed the bald eagle as a national endangered species† (History of†¦). The representation of the country’s freedom, strength, and beauty lies heavily on this bird; if it were to become an extinct species, what would that say for the United States? There is a very realistic and near-future solution: cloning. The topic of cloning, which has become a part of modern-day society, is a controversial topic because it has become an unfathomable concept to those who still hold the traditional values.†¦show more content†¦The cell grows into a normal egg and the egg grows into a normal baby that is then born (Tamang). The third way a clone can be created is the â€Å"Honolulu Technique.† It is the most recent and most effective technique. Donor nuclei are enucleated and inserted into egg cells. There is no vitro (fertilization of an egg in a laboratory dish or test tube) like nuclear transfer. The egg cells are placed in a chemical culture to jumpstart the cell’s growth, just like fertilization in nature. The cells develop into embryos which will be transplanted into a surrogate mother and born like a normal baby (Three Ways†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ). Frozen zoos collect sperm, cells, and other tissues of endangered and even extinct animals and are important to the success of saving endangered species (Hembree). The cells are kept viable for an indefinite amount of time due to frozen zoos. These frozen zoos allow scientists to extract certain genes that need to be added back into a gene pool of a certain species and can reduce the amount of illnesses and diseases by not reproducing animals with those sicknesses (Friedman). Technology is the sole reason cloning is even possible, but it is no t enough to save endangered species on its own. Due to technology, extinct species may even possible be brought back into existence. A closely related species, currently living, that could serve as a surrogate mother and a well-preserved source of DNA from the extinctShow MoreRelatedEssay about Cloning Endangered Species only Delays Extinction701 Words   |  3 PagesCloning Endangered Species only Delays Extinction    Last week, scientists revealed they have successfully cloned an endangered Asian gaur -- a stocky ox-like animal with a humped back. Such a technological breakthrough provides confidence that we will soon have the endangered species problem under control. Or does it?    Though the universitys burgeoning squirrel population seems to indicate otherwise, species extinction is a grave problem in most parts of the world. Species are imperiledRead MoreEssay on Cloning: An Option for Endangered Species Conservation1085 Words   |  5 PagesCloning: An Option for Endangered Species Conservation Review of the Literature Geneticists know that the technology of cloning lies in the palm of their hands, and its use on domestic animals and now endangered species has already proven successful (â€Å"Endangered Species†; Fields-Meyer and Seaman;Holt et al.; Lanza et al.; Trivedi). The question I ask now is this: Will cloning be used in the conservation of endangered species? This very question has sparked debate between the scientificRead MoreThe Endangered Species Act President Nixon1711 Words   |  7 Pagesthe Endangered Species Act President Nixon said, â€Å"Nothing is more priceless and more worthy of preservation than the rich array of animal life with which our country has been blessed.† The Endangered Species Act was enforced in 1973 providing protection for species that are being threatened in their habitats. 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If the current trend continues, atRead More The Giant Panda Paradigm Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagesobserve these private animals in order to perhaps better understand how we can help them in the wild, the most pressing concern is that their habitats in the wild be saved and sustained. The idea of cloning has arisen as one of Chinas desperate attempts to save the Giant Panda ((5)). Cloning raises some serious questions and concerns on both my part and the part of many experts. A small group of experts feel that the process of artificial insemination and raising pandas in the zoo for futureRead More Cloning Essay example1310 Words   |  6 PagesCloning Abstract The question to clone or not to clone is currently center stage of scientific debate. Since the birth of Dolly, the sheep, in 1997 the controversial question of cloning has been paramount throughout the entire globe. The question is no longer whether it can be done, but whether is should be done and to what extent. We have already cloned goats, mice, monkeys, cattle, and pigs (Cloning fact sheet). Scientists are now trying to get approval to clone humans orRead MoreThe Issue Of The White Rhino2826 Words   |  12 Pagesworld is filled with all kinds of mammals, birds, insects, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. There are over one and a half million species already described and documented and believed that there are even more still undocumented today (â€Å"Fact Monster Science† 2014). As much as our amazing world offers us, we humans are taking away as well. It is believed that 99.9% of species are now extinct; many of those that occurred over the last 25,000 years can be attributed to humans (â€Å"Foundational Concepts†2014)Read MoreEndangered Species Of The Species2497 Words   |  10 PagesEndangered Species More than 10 million species are yet to be discovered in the world, many of which are found in the deepest parts of the ocean, some, too small to see without a microscope. Some of these species are endangered due to the rate at which their habitats are being destroyed, many of the discovered species that are not endangered are to be endangered soon due to the previously stated reason. (Endangered Species International) Species in the world are being endangered in more than oneRead MoreHuman Interactions And Its Effects On The Ecosystem1405 Words   |  6 Pagesinteractions. They are surveying their options and are debating the positives and negatives of different ways to stave off species extinction. In the past, the most common options to save a population was to relocate populations to monitor good habitats, putting keystone species back into populations (keystone species have big impact on the ecosystem) and possibly recovering extinct species (Thomas et al, 2013). These options can be risky and disturb every individual in the population, a less risky way toRead More Conservation of Endangered Marsupials Essay3178 Words   |  13 PagesConservation of Endangered Marsupials Marsupials are creatures that are a very unique group of mammals. Many creatures are becoming threatened, and some have already become extinct. Threatened marsupials could be a pool of agricultural, medicinal, or genetic wealth that we do not yet have the technology to utilize. There are many methods to conserving these genetic pools; one of which is through reproduction manipulation. Artificial insemination, embryo transfer, and nuclear transfer are

How A Green Burial Can Positively Affect The Environment

I. Identification 1. Is it right for Judith’s siblings to put all of the pressure on Judith to make the decision? 2. Is it right for Judith to not abide by her father’s wishes for his burial? 3. Is it right Joe to put this burden on his family to chose what to do for his burial, because he did not state what to do in his will? 4. Is it right to allow pollution to the earth for someone’s burial? 5. Is it right to charge an obscene amount of money for a funeral? Number four is the central ethical issue to be resolved. Why should we allow people to pollute the environment when there are other options that benefit the environment? We need to do everything necessary to better improve our environment. A green burial can positively affect the environment, unlike a traditional cemetery burial. II. Research 1. Source: Banks, Dwayne A. The Economics Of Death? A Descriptive Study Of The Impact Of Funeral And Cremation Costs On U.s. Households. This article is relevant to the main moral issue in this case because it explains the high cost of funerals. This article helps the main point by stating multiple facts about the the increasing cost of cemetery burial cost. This article also explains the impact of funeral cost to the average household. 2. Source: Wickersham, Mary Eleanor, and Yehl, Robert (Sherman). The public cemetery: meeting new challenges in a time of change. This article is relevant to the main moral issue in the case because it shows and explains how expensiveShow MoreRelatedGreen Areas and Parks7784 Words   |  32 PagesABSTRACT It is obvious that green areas and parks have enormous effects on the community or people who live in that neighborhood. Green spaces and parks help the children to have a playing area around the community which brings more comfort. Green spaces and parks beautify the community, create a pleasant environment for the people and protect the natural environment. The aim of this article is to investigate the effects of green areas and parks on people in Nicosia considering its influence onRead MoreLiving Off The Grid1593 Words   |  7 PagesThe Good Life is an important topic for a number of reasons. First, pursuing The Good Life through living a sustainable lifestyle helps people to relate to and understand nature in various ways that can bring an individual a sense of fulfillment. Second, pursuing The Good Life (living off the grid) can help people learn about the close connection between man and nature. Third, it is important because â€Å"[t]he idea [of the Good Life] is to not li ve better, but to live well: friends, family, healthy bodyRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 PagesExperience ANNAMMA JOY JOHN F. SHERRY, JR.* This article focuses on somatic experience—not just the process of thinking bodily but how the body informs the logic of thinking about art. We examine the links between embodiment, movement, and multisensory experience insofar as they help to elucidate the contours of art appreciation in a museum. We argue that embodiment can be identiï ¬ ed at two levels: the phenomenological and the cognitive unconscious. At the ï ¬ rst level, individuals are conscious of theirRead MoreArt as an Embodied Imagination22095 Words   |  89 PagesExperience ANNAMMA JOY JOHN F. SHERRY, JR.* This article focuses on somatic experience—not just the process of thinking bodily but how the body informs the logic of thinking about art. We examine the links between embodiment, movement, and multisensory experience insofar as they help to elucidate the contours of art appreciation in a museum. We argue that embodiment can be identiï ¬ ed at two levels: the phenomenological and the cognitive unconscious. At the ï ¬ rst level, individuals are conscious of theirRead MoreStatement of Purpose23848 Words   |  96 Pagespersonal narrative. A quality statement of purpose will distinguish you from the other 150 to 400 applicants competing for the 10 to 20 spots in an average- to large-sized graduate program (―Preparing Your Statement of Purpose Personal Statementâ€â€"). You can achieve your goal by ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Convincing readers you researched and selected the appropriate school and graduate program based on research interests t hat match those of one or more professors Explaining your academic experiences and research interestsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCreating a Positive Work Environment 22 †¢ Improving Ethical Behavior 22 Coming Attractions: Developing an OB Model 23 An Overview 23 †¢ Inputs 24 †¢ Processes 25 †¢ Outcomes 25 Summary and Implications for Managers 30 S A L Self-Assessment Library How Much Do I Know About Organizational Behavior? 4 Myth or Science? â€Å"Most Acts of Workplace Bullying Are Men Attacking Women† 12 An Ethical Choice Can You Learn from Failure? 24 glOBalization! Does National Culture Affect Organizational PracticesRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 . 46 . 48 . 50 . 52 . 55 . 58 . 60 Section 2: Planning 4—Planning Information Services and Systems . . . . . . . 65 Techniques and Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Environment for Planning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Planning Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 The Planning Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 Factors in Planning . . . .

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Gre Practice Essay Topics

Unusual Article Uncovers the Deceptive Practices of Gre Practice Essay Topics The Importance of Gre Practice Essay Topics The very first element of the essay we'll analyze is the way that it succeeds in identifying and examining the pieces of the argument that relate to the undertaking. GMAT writing must be achieved with care as you not only will need in order to recognize the holes in the statement you will critique you will also have to receive your thoughts down in perfect English with no errors. Along with a good structure, you'll want an argument, a strong thesis, and strong research. There are a few commonalities across each one of the essay prompts on the GRE Argument pool page, even past the simple fact which each task asks you to examine some sort of argument and analyze it. New Step by Step Roadmap for Gre Practice Essay Topics Now, a lot of people don't know the best ways of tackling gre essay topics. Finally the studio must ask whether the proportion of positive reviews is a really appropriate approach to measure the possible effects of movie reviews. The key issue is to write using good grammar and punctuation. During the test, you're going to be asked to react in writing to two distinct types of prompts. There's nothing particularly special with respect to how you're going to be expected to compose your essays for any of the tests. The gre essay is broken up into different sections, and the most essential section appears to be the analytical writing assessment portion which is made up of two essays. As a result, if you would like to know the GRE sample essays clearly, you have to first go through these links which will provide you with a fair idea of the way to prepare for this test section, what the test section contains and what all to bear in mind when writing the essays. You will discover that you are able to use a number of them for many essays don't let the very first thing that springs to mind box you in. The essays are broken up into two. Before you even begin writing an essay, it is crucial to understand what you would like to say. A very good argumentative essay is going to be based on established or new research in place of only on your ideas and feelings. Continue reading for a discussion of the various ways this essay meets the requirements for an ideal score. It is advisable to commit a couple of hours in preparation for your essay. While you might not be capable of using the on-line essay proofreader within the test it is possible to use it on all your practice essays. The conventional five-paragraph essay is not uncommon in writing argumentative essays, but it's only one means to write one. The Lost Secret of Gre Practice Essay Topics All things considered, the perfect way to get GRE writing practice is to get started writing GRE essays. Anyone who's planning to attend graduate or company school is usually required to select the GRE exam. The perfect way to get ready for the GRE essay is to write one and have it graded by a specialist, utilizing the exact guidelines that are used for the actual GRE. If writing essays isn't your forte, then you have to sit up and take stock of the quantity of preparation you are going to ne ed for getting a great score in the Analytical Writing test section of the GRE. The very first point to do before you get started searching for GRE sample essays is to comprehend what the Analytical Writing test section is about. The Analytical Writing Measure is merely a single portion of the GRE, but, together with your scores on the opposite sections of the test, helps to predict your capacity to be effective in graduate school. The perfect way to determine how to find a high Analytical Writing score is to have a look at a GRE essay sample, but doing so with no guidance can be overwhelming. Practice brainstorming a lot of different essay prompts from the ETS website to become accustomed to coming up with examples that you may use to support your viewpoint. As stated earlier, the scenario will always be shown in the exact same way. You should quote when you think that the way the original author expresses an idea is easily the most efficient approach to communicate the point you would like to make. Bear in mind, however, that the scenario you will noti ce on your exam will be a lot less familiar to you. It will always be presented in the same form. If you get ready for the united states. You won't be requested to write about a particular topic so much as you'll be requested to respond to a certain scenario.

The Fall of the Qing Dynasty free essay sample

Author Zhang Weiwei in The China Wave, Rise of a Civilizational State, argues that Japan became a national state during the Meiji Restoration, but China was unable to accomplish this due to its decline in the mid-19th century. He claims that this decline was a result of its inability to cope with modern states, as demonstrated by the loss of wars against such powers as the British, French and Japanese (49). The primary question is how a formerly world leading power with extensive human and natural resources at hand could decline to the extent that it lost virtually every war from this period on. It is commonly proposed that such Western nation-states as Britain, because of their superior military power, brought China to its decline. Though this proposition is correct, I argue that the decentralization of the Chinese system of governance was an integral reason for its inability to cope with the challenges posed by modern nation-states. This decentralization is characterized by many factors including internal social unrest, lack of strong leadership, corruption, and traditional ideals. The already decentralized, corrupt state was thus easily exploited by modern imperialist powers due to their superior military technology and organization. Eventually, China’s decline and successive defeats led to the fall of the last Chinese empirical dynasty. To begin, it is necessary to have a strong understanding of China’s background as an empire and what led to its decline during this period. First, let’s consider religion. Confucianism is arguably the religion with the biggest influence in Chinese political development, and can be directly associated with the decline of the empire during this time period. Confucius’ ideals and religious traditions are known for being associated neither with conquests nor crusades (Wasserstrom 3-4). As Gary Hamilton has demonstrated in session 5 of his series of lectures, after the final journeys of the Ming dynasty directed by Admiral Zheng He (1371-1435 C.E.), the Chinese Confucian regimes showed little interest in global exploration, preferring to advance their interests through the soft power of civilizing influences directed abroad from the Chinese court (Hamilton). Confucian ideals thus caused an enormous stagnation in the political sphere, which can be identified from the 16th century onward. While Emperors consolidated the whole of China and strangled innovations by enormous bureaucracy, Europeans advanced with various technological innovations that progressed society and the military. Thus, China was stagnating, perhaps most notably due to its lack of competition, whereas Europe was enveloped with nation states fiercely competing in terms of technology and world influence. Japan on the other hand was more open to ideals due to the threat of an impending western dominance. Elizabeth Perry in â€Å"Challenging the Mandate of Heaven: Social Protest and State Power in China† examines the Confucianism rhetoric of the mandate of heaven (intro ix). She explains that the mandate is an ideology that gives emperors the legitimate right to rule by the powers of heaven. It postulates that heaven would bless the authority of a ruler, though in the case of a despotic ruler, would thereby withdraw its mandate, leading to the overthrow of the monarch (intro x). Thus, following this topic I would like to illustrate the undermining illegitimacy of the state during this time demonstrating the loss of the mandate of heaven. It is commonly postulated that new dynasties provide the most effective emperors (Lieberthal 209). The Qing dynasty as of the mid-19th century was already 200 years old and therefore had exhausted its resource of fresh leadership. The Chinese idiomatic phrase (tiangao huangdi yuan) â€Å"the sky is high and the emperor is far away† thus demonstrates the attitudes leading to the decentralization and decay of the system at the time. Corrupt officials commonly embezzled state money, thus the impediment to growth got progressively worse and caused devolution of political and social power. (Ni 4). Empress Dowager Cixi serves as an accurate example of the inefficient allocation of resources during this time period. The princess diverted all of the available defense funds in an effort to restore the Summer Palace for her birthday celebration (Wang 302). Ironically, the palace was looted and burnt down by British and French troops soon afterward by what is commonly identified as the Rape of Peking (Wang 24). This corruption and unmethodical rule led to civil unrest due to its growing high taxing economic burden on the peasant class (Perry intro x). Thus, this corruption and social unrest contributed to growing divisions in an already fragmenting decentralized government. These factors ultimately led to the facilitation of the economic and political undermining of China during this period. In China Against the Tides, Blecher asks an essential question in our debate â€Å"but what of popular movements and their capacity to bring down the state, thereby removing a major obstacle to modernization?† During this period, peasants all over China were victim to growing financial pressure as a result of the monarch. This led to a series of revolts most notably the Taiping rebellion. The Taiping rebellion, led by Huang Xiuquan, who claimed to be a younger brother of Jesus Christ, led this massive rebellion in an effort to establish a new egalitarian government (Sonnenburg 569). Though, a joint adventure with Western armies eventually put down the rebellion. In the end, this single rebellion resulted in the deaths of an estimated 20 million people as well as a charge of 40 million taels of indemnities to the Western powers, which further weakened imperial finances (Blecher 8). Hence, the social instability during this time period not only significantly effected China’s unity and finances but also eased Western powers entrance into China’s sphere. Although many factors contributed to China’s decline and inability to compete with Western powers, the primary factor was China’s internal division due its corrupt, ideologically outdated methods of governing. China’s crumbling internal infrastructure was quickly overpowered by Western domination and spheres of influence because of its decentralization. Although outside factors contributed to the decline of imperial China, I argue that the decentralization of the Chinese system of governance, aided and abetted by corruption, sometimes made palatable by misuse of religion, and furthered by rebellion against that very corruption, was an integral reason for the decline of China.

Reform

A reform is a social movement aimed at making gradual changes in the society. Slavery began as a form of punishing criminals in the society and recovering debts. The two main reforms that Americans struggled for were racial justice and gender equality.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Reform-women’s rights and slavery specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The movement began in 1830s in the countryside and towns of the north. The people involved came from rich and religious families. They believed that slavery was because of injustice and unfair treatment of human beings. The colonizers felt that the movement was threatening their business and status in the society and began to ridicule and attack the families of the abolitionists. Nevertheless, the abolitionists did not loose hope. For example, William Lloyd Garrison, a Massachusetts printer and editor, struggled to liberate slavery by publishing the first issue of The Liberator, which formed the foundation of women right in New England. He also formed the New England anti-slavery society to strengthen the movement. This movement was formed later in America in which unified west, New York and New England. Later 1830 and 40s, the movement became stronger and began to gain support from many people. Unfortunately, the movement collapsed due to individual differences. Then later, women coming from prominent families began their movement on antislavery and equality of women. Writers supported the abolitionist women by producing children books, hymns, and stories that encouraged the younger generation to prepare to fight for their rights and freedom. The women in the abolitionist group started to spread the need for women to speak publicly about their rights. Sarah and Grimke became the first women lecturers. They began to write and speak on women rights to condemn the message from the General Association of Massachusetts about forbidding women from speaking in public. In 1870s, women were excluded in the right to vote during the amendments of the constitution. They continued to struggle but it took 50 years to be included in the amendments.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Change in the attitude of slavery, led to its decline in 1800s. The slaves began to seek for education, jobs and establish churches since were forbidden from interacting with the white people. This helped them improve their living standards and awareness of their capabilities. Samuel Cornish and John Russworn became editors. They started the first black newspaper, Freedom Journal in 1827. The slaves began to cause threat, the country representatives decided to return some of the slaves to their homeland. Most of the slaves felt that United States was their new home. They became encouraged to put more efforts that resulted to many succeeding. They improved th eir status in the society and many white people began appreciating them as people with rights. Today slavery is illegal in all countries except in Africa, Asia, and South America. The incidences are punishable by law hence it is in secret. Today women have acquired personal freedom and can involve themselves in any kind of job in the society. Women deserved to gain equal rights since they suffered a lot in the hands of the colonizers. Women worked in the fields alongside men but did not rest as men since they performed all the household chores and weaving before going to bed. Those who worked as house slaves had to stand through out when their masters are in the house, are starved, and forbidden from visiting their husbands. Pregnant women beatings increasing the chances of loosing their babies and when they gave birth, their children sold as slaves. Conclusion Social activists play the role of identifying and enforcing reforms. Slavery began to benefit the white people in farming, to punish the criminals in the society and to recover debts but it ended up going against the human rights. Law without mercy should punish anybody involved in this business today. This essay on Reform-women’s rights and slavery was written and submitted by user Maci Munoz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Lights! Camera! Action! Marin Luther and Reformation

Lights! Camera! Action! Marin Luther and Reformation Is Martin Luther due all the credit given him for the genesis of the Reformation? Perhaps, but one has to look at a few other factors that certainly set the stage for Luther. Hardly ever does one person come along and, without any preparation, change the cultural traditions let alone a whole world.Sometimes a leader is just lucky; the timing is right. For Martin Luther to reform religion it took a bit more than just luck. It took intelligence, skillfulness, and education. Martin Luther had all three of these and the luck of timing. There were, however, some people and events that set the stage for Luther and the reformation movement. The humanistic movement was one, very important factor.Humanism already had strong, healthy roots in Western Europe and was the philosophy under which Martin Luther studied. It could be said that this movement was the true ignition of reformation although without Luther to fan its flames, reformation would have taken many more years to become the fire th at burned through Catholicism with a vengeance.Martin Luther, commemorated on February 18 Evangel...Aside from the humanist movement there were a few men: John Wiclif, Jan Hus, and Erasmus would play important roles in the very beginning before Martin Luther‚s time. Between these three men: biblical translations, teachings that the bible was for the individual, questioning authority, ridicule of the gross misconduct and improprieties of the papacy, and martyrdom can be found. (Greer 409-412) These acts are not to be ignored when contemplating the foundation of reformation.With the acts of these three men, all the props on Martin Luther‚s stage were in place. The bible became accessible to all members of the congregation, and reading it was strongly encouraged. Erasmus showed that the papacy was not only to be wrong, but ridiculously so.

The Dark Ages Documentary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Dark Ages Documentary - Essay Example The interesting phenomena in this episode pertains the rise to power of Clovis, who was a Frankish leader. He made great efforts in uniting tribes and advocated the conversion of people to Christianity. In order to have many converts, Clovis spent his time establishing good relationships with the Catholic Church. However, despite his efforts, his rule was characteristic of punishments evident during the Dark ages. Other rulers during this period found it difficult controlling their kingdoms. The events witnessed during the 5th century contributed immensely to the realization of the revitalization later on in the 8th century (Cantor, 2002). The documentary is important as it aids in understanding about the development of the Roman Empire to its present state. The different cultures in the episode have developed through a series of stages to the current state. Therefore, the documentary plays an important role in showing the characteristics of the cultures during this period. The documentary achieves its aim of showcasing the cultural issues happening during the Dark Ages

Discussion Board 6-1 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Discussion Board 6-1 - Assignment Example According to Kail and Cavanaugh (2013), adolescents face serious hormonal fluctuations that may results to depression, stress, joy or antisocial behaviors. In case that such changes result to depression or stress, the affected person may be have negative socio-emotions that may cause them develop withdrawal attitudes. Such occurrences have the impact of widening the gap between an individual adolescent and the family members. In some cases, an adolescent may have the tendency to discriminate between the family members with they relate closely. The given adolescent may have negative view of the distant or disliked family members and infer lies or make false accusations. This can result to disagreements, disharmony and conflict between the family members that the given adolescent enjoys close relationship and those they have distant relationships. A good manifestation of impact of negative socio-emotional changes of adolescents on family system involved one of my friends whose condition resulted to disagreements between the parents. As an adolescent boy who lived mostly with the mother as the father worked far from home but paid regular visits to the family, the mother handled the boy softly. The boy became hot tempered and preferred violence and aggression in solving his problems. Later, the father transferred to a work place near home so that he lived with the family. On realizing the behavior of the boy, the father began disciplining the friend so that he might change and know how to manage his problems effectively. Discipline involved punishments and talks, which the mother interpreted as inappropriate (Kail & Cavanaugh, 2013). Conflict caused by difference in views of the parents concerning the boy’s condition led to divorce and the adolescent moved to live with the mother. In another instance, an adolescent girl who was also the only child from a neighboring family

Growth Hormone In Tooth Development Health And Social Care Essay

Growth Hormone In Tooth Development Health And Social Care Essay Tooth development is the process where teeth are formed from the developing tooth bud, growing and maturing until it erupts into the mouth. This process is known as odontogenesis. There are several stages to odontogenesis which include the development of the tooth bud and the formation of hard tissue (Thesleff 2006). Within this paper, I will be discussing whether growth hormone has an effect on the development of the tooth bud and formation of hard tissue (in particular enamel and dentine formation). Growth hormone (GH) is produced by the pituitary gland, which is stimulated or inhibited by growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin respectively in the hypothalamus. GH stimulates the liver, for the production of insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) (Laron et al citied by Laron Z. 2001); this has an effect on bones (particularly long bones) and muscles and other tissue growth. Gotz el al (2006) says that IGFs are growth factors controlling pre- and post natal development and growth processes. Furthermore, IGF-1 and GH are able to induce bone morpogenic proteins (BMP) messenger RNA (mRNA), in particular BMP-2 and 4 mRNA(Li et al 1998). The study that was carried out showed that GH and IGF-1 increased the production of BMP-2 mRNA by up to 5-fold and BMP-4 mRNA by up to 4-fold. In the developing tooth bud, there are four main stages; these include: the bud stage, the cap stage, the bell stage and crown stage. Figure 1: A schematic drawing of the bud stage the arrow shows the formation of the tooth bud (tb) within the dental lamina (dl) where dental mesenchyme (dm) has condensed around the tooth bud (Adapted from Joseph et al 1994) dl dm The bud stage is the tooth bud appearance, however, there is no arrangement of the cells figure 1 illustrates this stage showing that this stage is just a group of cells by the dental lamina. Li and colleagues (1998) carried out a study which showed that BMP-4 mRNA was present in the dental epithelium during this stage until the cap stage. This suggests that BMP-4 is needed for the cells so that they are able to combine and form the dental papilla from this unorganised arrangement. In addition to this, GH and its receptor was reported to be involved in allow process like induction, epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, cellular proliferation (Zhang et al 1997). The study was able to show that GH was present at embryonic day 17/18 in the rat, which represents the bud stage of odontogenesis in the rat. However, a study conducted by Zhang and colleagues (1992) brought up a very important point. This being that the pituitary gland is still forming when tooth bud formation occurs. Thus, if the gland is still forming, GH would not be able to play a role during the bud stage. Therefore, it is possible that a GH-like molecule might be involved during the bud stage; however, it has not been confirmed. The cap stage is when ectomesenchymal cells combine and become the dental papilla. Additionally, the tooth bud begins to grow around the ectomesenchymal cells, combine producing a cap appearance and becomes the dental (or enamel) organ. Eventually the dental papilla will produce dentine (and pulp) and the enamel organ will produce enamel. It is shown that during the cap stage numerous cells of the dental epithelium and mesenchyme were intensely immunoreactive for GH (Zhang et al 1997). This suggests that GH is involved in the formation of the enamel organ and dental papilla, which are needed to form enamel and dentine respectively. Furthermore, studies (Joseph et al 1994) found out that GH receptors were Figure 2: A schematic drawing of the late cap stage showing the dental follicle (df) containing the dental/enamel organ and dental papilla (dp). The dental/enamel organ is starting to differentiate into the outer dental epithelium (ode) and inner dental epithelium (ide). (Adapted fro m Joseph et al 1994) dp expressed in the epithelium (where the enamel organ is located) and also in ectomesenchymal cells (where the dental papilla is located). Thus, showing that the receptors for GH are present indicating that GH is able to activate the receptors which are needed to activate the cells. This evidence both support the idea that GH is needed for the differentiation of ectomesenchymal cells to form the dental papilla and dental organ. Figure Figure 3: A schematic drawing of the bell stage: Differentiation of the dental/enamel organ and dental papilla (dp) occurs. The enamel oragn differentiates into the outer dental epithelium (ode), inner dental epithelium (ide), stellate reticulum (sr) and stellate intermedium (si). The dental papilla differentiates into the outer and central mesenchymal cells of the dental/enamel organ. The bell stage (named because the dental organ is shaped as a bell) is when histodifferentiation and morphodifferentiation of the dental papilla and enamel organ take place. Joseph and his colleagues (1994) showed that in the early period of the bell stage, there is growth of the dental organ, as cubical inner epithelium differentiates into columnar cells. Additionally, immunoreacitivity for GH receptor/binding protein found that the outer and inner enamel epithelium and stratum intermedium were positive, signifying that the growth hormone receptor is involved in the differentiation of the enamel organ. This in turn allows the inner enamel epithelium to differentiate into ameoblasts, outer enamel epithelium to provide a protective barrier during enamel production and finally, stratum intermedium is needed for enamel production to occur. However, the dental papilla and stellate reticulum were negative for immunoreactivity of GH receptor/binding protein. This suggests that dental papil la does not need GH to differentiate nor does the stellate reticulum which is needed as support for enamel production. The tables below (table 1 and 2) summarises the immunoreactivity expression of growth hormone at various stages of tooth development, including the bud and cap stage. It is clearly shown that in the stages for developing tooth germ, GH, its receptor and binding protein are expressed in various cells throughout the stages. Table : Immunoreactivity expressed in the epithelium of a embryonic rat mandible showing the presence of GH, GH receptor and GH binding protein during embryonic day 17, 16, 20/21 and post natal day 9. The results are recorded show the intensity of the expression: +++ STRONG, ++ MODERATE, + MILD +/- EQUIVOCAL (Zhang et al 1997) Table 2: Immunoreactivity expressed in the mesenchyme of a embryonic rat mandible showing the presence of GH, GH receptor and GH binding protein during embryonic day 17, 16, 20/21 and post natal day 9. The results are recorded show the intensity of the expression: +++ STRONG, ++ MODERATE, + MILD +/- EQUIVOCAL (Zhang et al 1997)The finally stage of the developing tooth bud is the crown (or maturation) stage. This is when the hard tissue (enamel and dentine) start to develop. Thus, the inner enamel epithelial cells start to change shape and differentiate into ameloblasts and the dental papilla changes in both size and shape and differentiate into odontoblasts to form dentine. This leads to the two processes commonly known as amelogenesis (formation of enamel) and dentinogenesis (formation of dentine). Symons et al (2000) showed that there immunoreactivity of the IGF-1 receptor present during the maturation of the ameloblasts. Thus, it indicates that IGF-1 (via its receptor) is involved during amelogenesis. This shows that IGF-1 is needed for the ameloblasts to remove organic material and water (Nanci et al 1987), with increased flux of calcium and phosphate ions (Borke et al 1993) Caviedes-Bucheli et al (2009) study was investigating real time PCR in mouse pulp cultures. The found out that IGF-1 can enhance the mineralisation of enamel ( dentine). The way it was able to do this was by inducing expressions of specific genes (Caton et al 2005) In addition to is, Caton et al (2005) was investigating the effect that IGF-1 would have on tooth development in vitro. The results showed that the samples treated with IGF-1 had an increased enamel extracellular matrix, when compared to the control samples. This shows that there is increased enamel and dentine when IGF-1 was present, indicating that IGF-1 has a positive effect on the enamel and dentine formation. The majority of the studies show the presence of GH and its receptor within cells. Smid and colleagues (2007) carried out an experiment when mouse molar teeth had a GH deficiency. The results shows that when there is a deficiency the crown dimensions were affected as the total crown area and the mesiodistal width at the cement-enamel junction (CEJ) was significantly smaller, when compared to when GH was present. This indicates that GH is needed to ensure growth of the tooth enamel and dentine, and when there is a deficiency, it affected the size of molar teeth. Crown formation is finished when the inner enamel epithelium and outer enamel epithelium forms a double layers of HERS. This starts to proliferate apically and starts root morphogenesis. Yamashiro et al (2003) found out that BMP-2, -3, -4 and -7 were expressed during root formation and was associated with the differentiation of hard tissues. In particular, BMP-4 and -7 were expressed in ameloblasts which indicate that they are needed for formation of enamel. Furthermore, expression of BMP-4 was also noted in cementoblasts which is needed for the production of primary acellular cementum and secondary cellular cementum (where acellular cementum is found on the cervical third and middle of the roots and attaches to principle fibres in the periodontal ligament and cellular cementum is located on the apical third of the root Cho Grant 2000 citied in Yamashiro et al 2003). The purpose of the cementum, which is a thin layer of mineralised tissue, is to attach the periodontal ligament in the gingiva to the surface of the root (Smid et al 2004) One of the final stages of tooth development is the eruption of the tooth. Studies were carried out on rat incisor teeth which showed that when the incisor tooth erupted, IGF-1 was expressed in the odontoblasts and ameloblasts, as well as its receptor (Joseph et al 1993, 1994, 1996 citied in Fukunaga et al 2008). Thus the evidence suggests that IGF-1 is needed during the final stages of the amelogenesis and dentinogenesis. A major limitation within the researching of the papers was the fact that experiments and studies were carried out on rat teeth. Thus, there teeth are not the same to human teeth. Moreover, a small proportion of the papers were based on human teeth, were the study was carried out on teeth belonging to people with a defect (for example Fukunaga et al 2008 had their study carried out on a patient with leprechaunism). However, from researching the papers, it is evident that GH or GH-like molecules (like IGF-1 and BMP 2 and 4) are present within the different stages of odontogenesis, depicts the lack of information relating to human teeth. Evidence has shown that expression during various stages of tooth development. Furthermore, when there is a deficiency of GH, there are changes within the tooth structure when erupted. Thus, I can conclude that GH does play a role in tooth development, in particular during the tooth germ stages, amelogenesis and dentinogenesis. However, more research n eeds to be conducted to clearly show GH expression and its role in human teeth during its development pre and postnatal.

The United States’ Failure of Battling International Terrorism under Clinton’s Administration :: History Terror Argumentative Persuasive Papers

The United States’ Failure of Battling International Terrorism under Clinton’s Administration In the wake of the September 11 tragedy, Osama bin Laden once again rang the bell across the North America continent, reminding the Americans of his existence and fatalness. Bin Laden has been quiet for a while after the United States’ bombing in Sudan and Afghanistan in 1998 – a retaliation against his followers’ attacks of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, and a mere attempt to stop international terrorism by the Clinton’s administration. By demolishing the World Trade Centre and part of the pentagon with four hijacked domestic aircrafts on September 11, 2001, bin Laden has proven Clinton’s attempt a tragic failure – that it was simply a timeout to the terrorist â€Å"jihad† against the Americans. Thirteen days after the terrorist attack of the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, Operation Infinite Reach was launched with the approval of a select group of senior advisors from President Clinton’s administration. Numerous Tomahawk Cruise Missiles were sent from U.S. submarines and warships to selected targets in Sudan and Afghanistan. The retaliation, though backed up by many claimed evidence and urge from the administration, has drawn many serious local and international criticisms. These criticisms were raised mostly against the effectiveness and the justification of the military action. With its failure to stop Osama bin Laden from plotting his â€Å"jihad† against the Americans, Operation Infinite Reach seems to have proven most of the criticisms correct. One problem with the bombings of Sudan and Afghanistan is that they were highly ineffective in achieving its intended goal to battle terrorism. The outcome of the bombings has perhaps made its ineffectiveness self-explanatory – the Cruise Missiles were late for an hour to hit bin Laden in the Zhawar Kili Al-Badr Camp near Khoust, Afghanistan. Even though Clinton’s Defensive Secretary Cohen claimed that killing bin Laden was not one of their designs, the failure to root bin Laden and his followers out was obvious. Reports from Afghanistan showed that only less than a hundred members of Al Qaeda were killed or wounded during the attack, and Taliban officials later confirmed that bin Laden has fled the bombing site uninjured. Leaving no serious damage to bin Laden’s terrorist group, the retaliation seemed to have done too little to combat terrorism against the United States.

Concepts of Health Promotion Essay

Health is defined as a state in which human needs are met in an autonomic way, and is not limited to the absence of disease or disablement (V. Henderson). Optimal health is a lively, self-motivated equilibrium of physical, intellectual, spiritual, emotional, and social well-being. The concept of health promotion delineates the method of empowering people to increase control over, and to advance their own overall health. The main purpose of health promotion is to heighten people’s motivation to strive for optimal health, while assisting them in making lifestyle modifications that will help them advance their wellbeing to an ideal state. Modifications of the unfavorable way of living can be enabled through a combination of strategies and learning experiences that enhance awareness and rise motivation; most importantly, the change is made possible through the creation of opportunities that permit access to situations that make positive health practices an easy choice. Individuals and communities require a great deal of health education in order to achieve optimal health levels. The development of health promotion has allowed the nurse to reinforce the profession’s role on health promotion and disease prevention, propagate information that promotes an educated public, and assist individuals and communities to change established negative health behaviors. The nursing roles in health promotion vary greatly depending on the individual or group’s needs, and their level of readiness to take action toward lifestyle change and behavior modification. In order to be an efficient educator, the nurse has to perform a self-awareness assessment of own health beliefs and practices. In health promotion, it is of great importance that the educators live what they teach, hence becoming models of healthy lifestyle behaviors and attitudes. A nurse who will teach the importance of smoking cessation must not be a smoker; the reason is clear and obvious. Should the client learn that she smokes, he will lose confidence in her role of health advocate, and undervalue the importance of smoking cessation. The trust of the nurse-client relationship might be compromised, and the likelihood that the client will stop smoking will decrease significantly. An extensive approach of health promotion can be achieved through the nursing process including  assessment, diagnosis identification, planning, implementing, and evaluating outcomes. Even though the process is alike, the nurse gives emphasis to teaching the client accountability for self-care. After the client and the educator agree to the goals together, the health-promotion plans are established; thereafter, the client takes accountability for the success of the plans. A comprehensive assessment of the individual health status is fundamental to health promotion. The nurse has to take in consideration multiple factors, and collect significant data from the client’s milieu before beginning to design a plan of health promotion education. Some elements of assessment should include the health history and physical examination, physical fitness assessment, lifestyle assessment, spiritual assessment, social support systems review, health risk assessment, health beliefs review, and life-stressors review. Planning has to be done according to the needs, desires and priorities of the client. The client decides on health promotion goals, and the actions and interventions to achieve those goals. During the planning process the nurse acts as a resource person rather than as a counselor. The nurse provides information, highlighting the importance of gradual change, and appraises the client’s goals to ensure that they are realistic, quantifiable, and satisfactory to the client. Implementation is the â€Å"acting† towards behavior change. The nurse gives emphasis to self-responsibility for implementing the plan. Depending on the client’s needs, nursing interventions may consist of supporting, counseling, teaching, consulting, modeling, and enhancing the behavior change. The nurse has to offer ongoing and non-judgmental support that focuses on the desired behavior change. Moreover, the nurse will help the client identify his social support system, which is vital in the goal attainment process. Evaluation of the outcomes should not be sporadic, but rather done on a continual basis in shared collaboration of nurse and client. Evaluation is the time of celebrating successes, or a time when the client may choose to rearrange priorities, or adjust strategies. Health promotion aims a wide range of targets at different levels in the community. The huge benefits resulted from health promotion and disease prevention efforts make many realize that this domain of health care is  worth to be invested in. The focus is shifted evermore from the medical to the preventative approach, from treating the disease to avoiding the onset of it. Nurses have a fundamental role in health promotion by their position and interaction with the community. In acute care settings, they see the people at their toughest times of their lives. It is there nurses can assist patients make important informed decisions in regards to their health. The nurse has the role of assisting the patient in moving in the right direction on the health-illness continuum. Someone might argue that there is no more room for prevention once the illness occurred, but the truth is that there is always something to be prevented. For example, the patient who was admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis (without even knowing that he had diabetes) will need a lot of information and support on how to manage the disease and prevent complications. The nurse in the acute setting will begin the health promotion process for this patient, and furthermore refer him to diabetes specialists. Once the patient follows-up with them, the odds are that another nurse at the doctor’s office will continue the process of teaching the patient about the disease management. Disease prevention is included under health promotion umbrella, and consists of three levels of prevention: primary, secondary, and tertiary. The difference between them is determined by the specific point in time in the course of the disease progression when the health promotion is initiated. The primary prevention targets health promotion and protection before disease or dysfunction arise. It includes but it is not limited to immunizations, routine health check-ups, and risk assessments for specific diseases, family planning services and marriage counseling, health education on various threats to well-being. The main goal of primary prevention is to reduce the risk of exposure of the individual and the community to potentially harmful sources. In comparison, secondary prevention concentrates attention on a timely recognition of health issues and a rapid intervention to lessen health problems. Its main goals are to identify individuals in an initial stage of disease and to limit forthcoming disability. For example, a patient who experiences an acute heart attack can benefit from emergent cardiac stent placement. After this initial step of treatment, the patient will not only  need a continual adherence to the recommended regimen, but also making appropriate lifestyle changes in order to prevent further health problems linked to the initial cause of injury. Health promotion at the secondary level is very important because the patient who experienced a life-altering event may be able to return to prior level of quality of life, in conjunction with the appropriate lifestyle modifications. Some examples of secondary prevention are: teaching self-examination for breast and testicular cancer, yearly screening colonoscopy after 50 years of age, or yearly mammograms after the age of 40. At last, tertiary prevention places emphasis on restoration and rehabilitation with the goal of helping the individual to reinstate an optimal level of functioning. Chronic disease management is an example where tertiary prevention comes in to assist the client regaining control and quality of life to a certain extent, as permitted by the disease process. Education and support about managing chronic illness at home to prevent complications is part of the tertiary prevention. The levels of prevention can overlap in practice because same interventions can serve different causes. For example, if a person decides to follow the Weight Watchers nutrition plans to lose weight for the reason of increasing overall health and state of well-being, this will be primary level health promotion. On the other hand, if the same person decides to lose weight with the motivation to decrease the risk for cardiovascular disease, then it is considered a behavior of secondary level of prevention. In conclusion, health promotion is a vital component in society because it helps its citizens reach to a qualitative life. Without health promotion and disease prevention programs, mortality and morbidity would always be our next door neighbor. By health promotion we can see more people laughing, dreaming, and enjoying the excitement of life. References Bennett, C., Perry, J., & Lawrence, Z. (2009). Promoting health in primary care. Nursing Standard, 23(47), 48-56. Blacksher, E. (2009). Health reform: what’s prevention got to do with it?. The Hastings Center Report, 39(6), inside. Marcus, S. (2012). Poison prevention: engineering in primary prevention. Clinical Toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.), 50(3), 163-165. doi:10.3109/15563650.2012.658474 Kozier, B. (2007). Fundamentals of nursing: Concepts, process, and practice. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall Health.

Analysis Of Mccloskey s On Being An Atheist - 1919 Words

In McCloskey’s (1968) article â€Å"On Being an Atheist†, the arguments for the existence of God are rebutted and some compelling reasons are given in order to enlighten some other atheists who might be struggling to defend their beliefs. Firstly, McCloskey (1968) opens his discussion by asserting that the three main proofs (teleological, cosmological, and argument from design) of God’s existence are not the basic nor the right proofs with which to arrive at a â€Å"vague† (p.51) conclusion that states the existence of a necessary being. These proofs have not been considered by the serious theologians, but instead, they have been the excuse of the parson (McCloskey, 1968). However, McCloskey misses the point made by such arguments by assuming that such defenses are a definite proof of the existence of God. To regard something as a proof, one must know that the argument being made is certain and incorrigible, but the arguments made by the theist are said to be defeasible, not incorrigible or certain (Foreman, 2012). This mean that the arguments can be regarded as true unless a defeater, which if it were true, would defeat the argument (Foreman, 2012). Then, if the classical arguments used by the theist to advocate for God’s existence are defeasible and not â€Å"proofs† as McCloskey claims, and no defeater has been shown to be true, there is no need to abandon such arguments. Secondly, McCloskey discusses the cosmological argument and states that there is no reason for believing that the